Identification of Environmentally Friendly Alternative for Laundry Detergent Packaging
Abstract
Purpose: The objective of the study was to analyse and evaluate two alternative liquid detergent packaging systems from the point of view of their overall environmental impact. Using the LCA method, we have come to the conclusion that cardboard packaging is an alternative with a lower negative impact on the environment than an HDPE bottle.
Methodology/Approach: The study is based on the LCA method implemented through the software openLCA, including available databases.
Findings: The environmentally friendlier alternative of the detergent packaging is identified. The decisions about individual stages during LCA must be made with caution and well documented to ensure credibility of the results.
Research Limitation/Implication: The findings of the presented study are limited by the available data used for the environmental impact assessment. The inventory analysis was performed for the conditions of the central European region.
Originality/Value of paper: This study applies LCA methodology to present the details of a decision process involved in selecting better environmental alternative of the product. The information generated by the study is directly applicable in the industry.
References
acidifikácia, 1999. Encyclopaedia Beliana. Available at: <https://beliana.sav.sk/heslo/acidifikacia> [Accessed 26 November 2021].
Ansari, A.A. and Gill, S.S. eds., 2013. Eutrophication: Causes, consequences and control: Volume 2. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer.
Bradford, A. and Pappas, S., 2017. Effects of global warming. Livescience.com, [online] 12 August 2017. Available at: <https://www.livescience.com/37057-global-warming-effects.html> [Accessed 18 November 2021].
Curran, M.A. ed., 2012. Life cycle assessment handbook: A guide for environmentally sustainable products. Nashville, TN: John Wiley & Sons.
Curran, M.A., 1996. Environmental life-cycle assessment. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
Hauschild, M.Z. and Huijbregts, M.A.J. eds., 2015. Life cycle impact assessment. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer.
Hauschild, M.Z., Rosenbaum, R.K. and Olsen, S.I. eds., 2017. Life cycle assessment: Theory and practice. Basel, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.
Hill, P., 2017. Environmental protection: What everyone needs to know (R). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Jolliet, O., Saade-Sbeih, M.., Shaked, S. Jolliet, A. and Crettaz, P., 2015. Environmental life cycle assessment. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Lacy, P. and Rutqvist, J., 2014. Waste to wealth: The circular economy advantage. New York, NY: Palgrave MacMillan.
Lacy, P., Long, J. and Spindler, W., 2020. The circular economy handbook: Realizing the circular advantage. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan.
Lieskovská, Z. and Lényiová, P. eds., 2019. Správa o stave životného prostredia Slovenskej republiky v roku 2018. Bratislava: Ministerstvo životného prostredia Slovenskej republiky; Banská Bystrica: Slovenská agentúra životného prostredia.
Packaging waste statistics, 2021. Available at: <https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Packaging_waste_statistics> [Accessed 26 November 2021].
Pernica, P., 1994. Logistika : pasivní prvky. Praha: Vysoká škola ekonomická Podnikohospodářská fakulta.
Polypropylene (PP), (no date). Available at: https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/pp.aspx [Accessed 26 November 2021].
Sillanpää, M. and Ncibi, M.C., 2019. The circular economy: case studies about the transition from the linear economy. London; San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
Siracusa, V. and Blanco, I., 2020. Bio-polyethylene (bio-PE), bio-polypropylene (bio-PP) and bio-poly(ethylene terephthalate) (bio-PET): Recent developments in bio-based polymers analogous to petroleum-derived ones for packaging and engineering applications. Polymers, 12(8), p.1641.
Sixta, J. and Macat, V., 2005. Logistika: teorie a praxe. Brno: CP Books.
Slimak, I. and Zgodavova, K., 2011. Focus on Success. Quality Innovation Prosperity, [e-journal] 15(1), pp.1-4. DOI: 10.12776/qip.v15i1.36.
Smernica Európskeho Parlamentu A Rady 94/62/ES z 20. decembr... - EUR-Lex, 2020. Available at: <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/sk/LSU/?uri=CELEX%3A31994L0062> [Accessed 26 November 2021].
smog | Causes, Effects, & Types | Britannica, 2019. Available at: <https://www.britannica.com/science/smog> [Accessed 26 November 2021].
Spracovanie ropy na primárne produkty | petroleum.sk, (no date). Available at: <https://www.petroleum.sk/spracovanie-ropy-na-primarne-produkty> [Accessed 26 November 2021].
Twede, D., Selke, S.E.M., Kamdem, D-P. and Shires, D., 2015. Cartons, Crates and Corrugated Board, Second Edition. Pennsylvania: DESTech Publications.
Authors
Copyright (c) 2021 Pavol Palfy, Barbora Marenčíková
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This is an open access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access. This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License - http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0.
Authors who publish with the Quality Innovation Prosperity agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
