Mapping the Accidents and Unsafe Conditions of Workers in the Automotive Sector
Abstract
Purpose: Their production processes involve several risks and repetitive tasks and adoption of penalizing postures, which can cause musculoskeletal disorders and occupational accidents. The objective of this paper is to elucidate the situation of Occupational Health and Safety in the automotive sector in the Agulhas Negras region and in Brazil.
Methodology/Approach: For this bibliographic research was carried out to characterize and define the processes and concepts pertinent to the economic activities of the sector; collect and treat the most frequently registered data and elaborate a comparative study for better visualization of the scenarios.
Findings: The result was the identification of different behaviours of the curves, which showed the national scenario being linear and constant, while the regional one proved to be unstable, with many variations over the years.
Research Limitation/Implication: The research was developed in a region of the State of Rio de Janeiro, and it is recommended to conduct a global survey.
Originality/Value of paper: The analysis of the characteristics of occupational accidents, with the most frequent type of injury, the most affected body parts, the groups of causative agents, and the most notified occupations in accidents.
References
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Araujo, R., Santos, G., Costa, J.B. da and Sá, J.C., 2019. The Quality Management System as a Driver of Organizational Culture: An Empirical Study in the Portuguese Textile Industry. Quality Innovation Prosperity, [e-journal] 23(1), p.1-24. DOI: 10.12776/qip.v23i1.1132.
Associação Brasileira do Cobre, 2023. Anuario Brasileiro do Cobre. [online] Brazilian Protection Yearbook 2020. Available at:
Azaroff, L.S., Levenstein, C. and Wegman, D.H., 2002. Occupational Injury and Illness Surveillance: Conceptual Filters Explain Underreporting. American Journal of Public Health, [e-journal] 92(9), pp.1421-1429. DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.92.9.1421.
Barbosa Filho, F. de H., 2017. The economic crisis of 2014/2017. Estudos Avançados, [e-journal] 31(89), pp.51-60. DOI: 10.1590/s0103-40142017.31890006.
Barbosa, L.C.F.M., Mathias, M.A.S., Santos, G.M. and De Oliveira, O.J., 2020. How the Knowledge of the Major Researchers Is Forging the Business Strategy Paths: Trends and Forecasts from the State of the Art. Quality Innovation Prosperity, [e-journal] 24(3), p.1-20. DOI: 10.12776/qip.v24i3.1404.
Beier, G., Matthess, M., Shuttleworth, L., Guan, T., de Oliveira Pereira Grudzien, D.I., Xue, B., Pinheiro de Lima, E. and Chen, L., 2022. Implications of Industry 4.0 on industrial employment: A comparative survey from Brazilian, Chinese, and German practitioners. Technology in Society, [e-journal] 70, p.102028. DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.102028.
Biblin, A.M., Akhmatdinov, R.R., Varfolomeeva, K. V. and Repin, L. V., 2018. Problems of risk communication on radiation safety. Analysis of materials on the internet after the 2013 radiation accident at the electrostal heavy engineering works. Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene, [e-journal] 11(1), pp.43-52. DOI: 10.21514/1998-426X-2018-11-1-43-52.
Blunt, J. and Balchin, N.C., 2002. Health and Safety in Welding and Allied Processes. 5th ed. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing.
Cardoso, R.P., Reis, J.S. da M., Sampaio, N.A. de S., Barros, J.G.M. de, Barbosa, L.C.F.M. and Santos, G., 2022. Sustainable Quality Management: Unfoldings, Trends and Perspectives from the Triple Bottom Line. Proceedings on Engineering Sciences, [e-journal] 4(3), pp.359-370. DOI: 10.24874/PES04.03.013.
Cheng, Y.-P., Li, C.-W. and Chen, Y.-C., 2019. Apply computer vision in GUI automation for industrial applications. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, [e-journal] 16(6), pp.7526-7545. DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2019378.
Civil House, 1999. Decree No. 3.048, From May 6, 1999.
Comper, M.L.C., Dennerlein, J.T., Evangelista, G. dos S., Rodrigues da Silva, P. and Padula, R.S., 2017. Effectiveness of job rotation for preventing work-related musculoskeletal diseases: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, [e-journal] 74(8), pp.543-544. DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-104077.
Dalle Mura, M. and Dini, G., 2019. Optimizing ergonomics in assembly lines: A multi objective genetic algorithm. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, [e-journal] 27, pp.31-45. DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2019.08.004.
Dekker, S., 2014. Safety Differently Human Factors for a New Era. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
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Dulci, J.A., 2021. Crise, Emprego E Renda Na Indústria Automotiva: Os Casos Do Sul Fluminense, Camaçari E Grande Abc Paulista Em Perspectiva Comparada. Sociologia & Antropologia, [e-journal] 11(1), pp.219-247. DOI: 10.1590/2238-38752021v1119.
Gonçalves Filho, A.P., Andrade, J.C.S. and Marinho, M.M. de O., 2011. Culture e safety management: the proposal of a model. Gestão & Produção, [e-journal] 18(1), pp.205-220. DOI: 10.1590/S0104-530X2011000100015.
Hermans, V., Hautekiet, M., Spaepen, A., Cobbaut, L. and De Clerq, J., 1999. Influence of material handling devices on the physical load during the end assembly of cars. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, [e-journal] 24(6), pp.657-664. DOI: 10.1016/S0169-8141(98)00070-5.
Kalteh, H.O., Mortazavi, S.B., Mohammadi, E. and Salesi, M., 2021. The relationship between safety culture and safety climate and safety performance: a systematic review. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, [e-journal] 27(1), pp.206-216. DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2018.1556976.
Kim, D.K. and Park, S., 2021. An analysis of the effects of occupational accidents on corporate management performance. Safety Science, [e-journal] 138, p.105228. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105228.
Lee, J., Huang, Y., Cheung, J.H., Chen, Z. and Shaw, W.S., 2019. A systematic review of the safety climate intervention literature: Past trends and future directions. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, [e-journal] 24(1), pp.66-91. DOI: 10.1037/ocp0000113.
Lee, K. and Jung, M., 2020. Investigation of common insertion hand postures and directions and determination of the voluntarily maximal and preferred insertion forces in automotive assembly tasks. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, [e-journal] 30(2), pp.93-102. DOI: 10.1002/hfm.20825.
Maitan Filho, P.L. and Guedes, A.L., 2018. Sindicalismo E Produção Flexível No Setor Automotivo: Cooptação E Fragmentação Institucional No Sul Fluminense. REAd. Revista Eletrônica de Administração (Porto Alegre), [e-journal] 24(1), pp.149-178. DOI: 10.1590/1413-2311.202.75917.
Marquardt, N., Hoebel, M. and Lud, D., 2021. Safety culture transformation—The impact of training on explicit and implicit safety attitudes. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, [e-journal] 31(2), pp.191-207. DOI: 10.1002/hfm.20879.
MLE (Ministry of Labor and Welfare), 2020. Anuário Estatístico de Acidentes do Trabalho. [online] Ministry of Labor and Welfare. Available at: [Accessed 02 February 2023].
Public Ministry of Labor, 2022. Occupational Safety and Health Observatory 2022. [online] Smartlab. Available at: [Accessed 02 February 2023].
Rodrigues, J., de Sá, J.C.V., Ferreira, L.P., Silva, F.J.G., Santos, G. 2019. Lean management “quick-wins”: Results of implementation. A case study. Quality Innovation Prosperity, [e-journal] 23(3), pp.3-21. DOI: 10.12776/QIP.V23I3.1291.
Sá, J.C., Amaral, A., Barreto, L., Carvalho, F., Santos, G. 2019. Perception of the importance to implement ISO 9001 in organizations related to people linked to quality-an empirical study. International Journal for Quality Research, [e-journal] 13(4), pp.1055-1070. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-41429-0_21.
Sales, J.P. de, Reis, J.S. da M., Barros, J.G.M. de, Fonseca, B.B. da, Junior, A.H. de A., Almeida, M. da G.D. de, Barbosa, L.C.F.M., Santos, G. and Sampaio, N.A. de S., 2022. Quality Management in The Contours of Continuous Product Improvement. International Journal for Quality Research, [e-journal] 16(3), pp.689-702. DOI: 10.24874/IJQR16.03-02.
Sampaio, N.A. de S., Reis, J.S. da M., Espuny, M., Cardoso, R.P., Gomes, F.M., Pereira, F.M., Ferreira, L.C., Barbosa, M., Santos, G. and Silva, M.B., 2022. Contributions to the future of metaheuristics in the contours of scientific development. Gestão & Produção, [e-journal] 29(1), pp.1-19. DOI: 10.1590/1806-9649-2022v29e099.
Santos, G., Barbosa, J. 2006. Qualifound - A modular tool developed for quality improvement in foundries. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, [e-journal] 17(3), pp.351-362. DOI: 10.1108/17410380610648308.
Silva, H. de O.G. da, Costa, M.C.M., Aguilera, M.V.C., Almeida, M. da G.D. de, Fonseca, B.B. da, Reis, J.S. da M., Barbosa, L.C.F.M., Santos, G. and Sampaio, N.A. de S., 2021. Improved Vehicle Painting Process Using Statistical Process Control Tools in an Automobile Industry. International Journal for Quality Research, [e-journal] 15(4), pp.1251-1268. DOI: 10.24874/IJQR15.04-14.
Silva, S., Sá, J.C., Silva, F.J.G., Ferreira, L.P., Santos, G. 2020. Lean Green—The Importance of Integrating Environment into Lean Philosophy—A Case Study. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, [e-journal] 122, pp.211-219. DOI: 10.12776/QIP.V23I3.1291.
Stoyneva, Z.B., Dermendjiev, S., Dermendjiev, T. and Dobrev, H., 2015. Work-Related Upper Limb Disorders: A Case Report. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, [e-journal] 3(1), pp.146-150. DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2015.033.
Thun, J.-H., Lehr, C.B. and Bierwirth, M., 2011. Feel free to feel comfortable—An empirical analysis of ergonomics in the German automotive industry. International Journal of Production Economics, [e-journal] 133(2), pp.551-561. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.12.017.
Tucker, S., Diekrager, D., Turner, N. and Kelloway, E.K., 2014. Work-related injury underreporting among young workers: Prevalence, gender differences, and explanations for underreporting. Journal of Safety Research, [e-journal] 50, pp.67-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2014.04.001.
Vasconcelos, F.D., 2014. Atuação do Ministério do Trabalho na fiscalização das condições de segurança e saúde dos trabalhadores, Brasil, 1996-2012. Revista Brasileira de Saúde Ocupacional, [e-journal] 39(129), pp.86-100. DOI: 10.1590/0303-7657000072012.
Vieira, C., Góis, J., Laranjeira, P., Pinho, P. and Norton, P., 2022. Underreporting of work accidents associated with blood-borne risk factors. Medicina del Lavoro, [e-journal] 113(3), e2022028. DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v113i3.13257.
Wolniak, R., 2019. Downtime in the Automotive Industry Production Process – Cause Analysis. Quality Innovation Prosperity, [e-journal] 23(2), p.101-118. DOI: 10.12776/qip.v23i2.1259.
Xu, Y., Li, Y., Ding, W. and Lu, F., 2014. Controlled versus Automatic Processes: Which Is Dominant to Safety? The Moderating Effect of Inhibitory Control. PLoS ONE, [e-journal] 9(2), e87881. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087881.
Zare, M., Croq, M., Hossein-Arabi, F., Brunet, R. and Roquelaure, Y., 2016. Does Ergonomics Improve Product Quality and Reduce Costs? A Review Article. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, [e-journal] 26(2), pp.205-223. DOI: 10.1002/hfm.20623.
Zhu, X., Hu, S.J., Koren, Y. and Marin, S.P., 2008. Modeling of Manufacturing Complexity in Mixed-Model Assembly Lines. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, [e-journal] 130(5), p.051013. DOI: 10.1115/1.2953076.
Anyfantis, I., Boustras, G. and Karageorgiou, A., 2018. Maintaining occupational safety and health levels during the financial crisis – A conceptual model. Safety Science, [e-journal] 106, pp.246-254. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2016.02.014.
Araujo, M.J.F. de, Araújo, M.V.F. de, Araujo Jr, A.H. de, Barros, J.G.M. de, Almeida, M. da G. de, Fonseca, B.B. da, Reis, J.S.D.M., Barbosa, L.C.F.M., Santos, G. and Sampaio, N.A.D.S., 2021. Pollution Credit Certificates Theory: An Analysis on the Quality of Solid Waste Management in Brazil. Quality Innovation Prosperity, [e-journal] 25(3), pp.1-17. DOI: 10.12776/qip.v25i3.1574.
Araujo, R., Santos, G., Costa, J.B. da and Sá, J.C., 2019. The Quality Management System as a Driver of Organizational Culture: An Empirical Study in the Portuguese Textile Industry. Quality Innovation Prosperity, [e-journal] 23(1), p.1-24. DOI: 10.12776/qip.v23i1.1132.
Associação Brasileira do Cobre, 2023. Anuario Brasileiro do Cobre. [online] Brazilian Protection Yearbook 2020. Available at:
Azaroff, L.S., Levenstein, C. and Wegman, D.H., 2002. Occupational Injury and Illness Surveillance: Conceptual Filters Explain Underreporting. American Journal of Public Health, [e-journal] 92(9), pp.1421-1429. DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.92.9.1421.
Barbosa Filho, F. de H., 2017. The economic crisis of 2014/2017. Estudos Avançados, [e-journal] 31(89), pp.51-60. DOI: 10.1590/s0103-40142017.31890006.
Barbosa, L.C.F.M., Mathias, M.A.S., Santos, G.M. and De Oliveira, O.J., 2020. How the Knowledge of the Major Researchers Is Forging the Business Strategy Paths: Trends and Forecasts from the State of the Art. Quality Innovation Prosperity, [e-journal] 24(3), p.1-20. DOI: 10.12776/qip.v24i3.1404.
Beier, G., Matthess, M., Shuttleworth, L., Guan, T., de Oliveira Pereira Grudzien, D.I., Xue, B., Pinheiro de Lima, E. and Chen, L., 2022. Implications of Industry 4.0 on industrial employment: A comparative survey from Brazilian, Chinese, and German practitioners. Technology in Society, [e-journal] 70, p.102028. DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2022.102028.
Biblin, A.M., Akhmatdinov, R.R., Varfolomeeva, K. V. and Repin, L. V., 2018. Problems of risk communication on radiation safety. Analysis of materials on the internet after the 2013 radiation accident at the electrostal heavy engineering works. Radiatsionnaya Gygiena = Radiation Hygiene, [e-journal] 11(1), pp.43-52. DOI: 10.21514/1998-426X-2018-11-1-43-52.
Blunt, J. and Balchin, N.C., 2002. Health and Safety in Welding and Allied Processes. 5th ed. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing.
Cardoso, R.P., Reis, J.S. da M., Sampaio, N.A. de S., Barros, J.G.M. de, Barbosa, L.C.F.M. and Santos, G., 2022. Sustainable Quality Management: Unfoldings, Trends and Perspectives from the Triple Bottom Line. Proceedings on Engineering Sciences, [e-journal] 4(3), pp.359-370. DOI: 10.24874/PES04.03.013.
Cheng, Y.-P., Li, C.-W. and Chen, Y.-C., 2019. Apply computer vision in GUI automation for industrial applications. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, [e-journal] 16(6), pp.7526-7545. DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2019378.
Civil House, 1999. Decree No. 3.048, From May 6, 1999.
Comper, M.L.C., Dennerlein, J.T., Evangelista, G. dos S., Rodrigues da Silva, P. and Padula, R.S., 2017. Effectiveness of job rotation for preventing work-related musculoskeletal diseases: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, [e-journal] 74(8), pp.543-544. DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2016-104077.
Dalle Mura, M. and Dini, G., 2019. Optimizing ergonomics in assembly lines: A multi objective genetic algorithm. CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology, [e-journal] 27, pp.31-45. DOI: 10.1016/j.cirpj.2019.08.004.
Dekker, S., 2014. Safety Differently Human Factors for a New Era. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Doiro, M., Fernández, F.J., Félix, M., Santos, G. 2017. ERP-machining centre integration: a modular kitchen production case study. Procedia Manufacturing, [e-journal] 13, pp.1159-1166. DOI: 10.1016/j.promfg.2017.09.178.
Doner, R.F., Noble, G.W. and Ravenhill, J., 2021. The Political Economy of Automotive Industrialization in East Asia. Oxford University Press, [online] Available at:
Dulci, J.A., 2021. Crise, Emprego E Renda Na Indústria Automotiva: Os Casos Do Sul Fluminense, Camaçari E Grande Abc Paulista Em Perspectiva Comparada. Sociologia & Antropologia, [e-journal] 11(1), pp.219-247. DOI: 10.1590/2238-38752021v1119.
Gonçalves Filho, A.P., Andrade, J.C.S. and Marinho, M.M. de O., 2011. Culture e safety management: the proposal of a model. Gestão & Produção, [e-journal] 18(1), pp.205-220. DOI: 10.1590/S0104-530X2011000100015.
Hermans, V., Hautekiet, M., Spaepen, A., Cobbaut, L. and De Clerq, J., 1999. Influence of material handling devices on the physical load during the end assembly of cars. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, [e-journal] 24(6), pp.657-664. DOI: 10.1016/S0169-8141(98)00070-5.
Kalteh, H.O., Mortazavi, S.B., Mohammadi, E. and Salesi, M., 2021. The relationship between safety culture and safety climate and safety performance: a systematic review. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, [e-journal] 27(1), pp.206-216. DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2018.1556976.
Kim, D.K. and Park, S., 2021. An analysis of the effects of occupational accidents on corporate management performance. Safety Science, [e-journal] 138, p.105228. DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2021.105228.
Lee, J., Huang, Y., Cheung, J.H., Chen, Z. and Shaw, W.S., 2019. A systematic review of the safety climate intervention literature: Past trends and future directions. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, [e-journal] 24(1), pp.66-91. DOI: 10.1037/ocp0000113.
Lee, K. and Jung, M., 2020. Investigation of common insertion hand postures and directions and determination of the voluntarily maximal and preferred insertion forces in automotive assembly tasks. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, [e-journal] 30(2), pp.93-102. DOI: 10.1002/hfm.20825.
Maitan Filho, P.L. and Guedes, A.L., 2018. Sindicalismo E Produção Flexível No Setor Automotivo: Cooptação E Fragmentação Institucional No Sul Fluminense. REAd. Revista Eletrônica de Administração (Porto Alegre), [e-journal] 24(1), pp.149-178. DOI: 10.1590/1413-2311.202.75917.
Marquardt, N., Hoebel, M. and Lud, D., 2021. Safety culture transformation—The impact of training on explicit and implicit safety attitudes. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, [e-journal] 31(2), pp.191-207. DOI: 10.1002/hfm.20879.
MLE (Ministry of Labor and Welfare), 2020. Anuário Estatístico de Acidentes do Trabalho. [online] Ministry of Labor and Welfare. Available at:
Public Ministry of Labor, 2022. Occupational Safety and Health Observatory 2022. [online] Smartlab. Available at:
Rodrigues, J., de Sá, J.C.V., Ferreira, L.P., Silva, F.J.G., Santos, G. 2019. Lean management “quick-wins”: Results of implementation. A case study. Quality Innovation Prosperity, [e-journal] 23(3), pp.3-21. DOI: 10.12776/QIP.V23I3.1291.
Sá, J.C., Amaral, A., Barreto, L., Carvalho, F., Santos, G. 2019. Perception of the importance to implement ISO 9001 in organizations related to people linked to quality-an empirical study. International Journal for Quality Research, [e-journal] 13(4), pp.1055-1070. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-41429-0_21.
Sales, J.P. de, Reis, J.S. da M., Barros, J.G.M. de, Fonseca, B.B. da, Junior, A.H. de A., Almeida, M. da G.D. de, Barbosa, L.C.F.M., Santos, G. and Sampaio, N.A. de S., 2022. Quality Management in The Contours of Continuous Product Improvement. International Journal for Quality Research, [e-journal] 16(3), pp.689-702. DOI: 10.24874/IJQR16.03-02.
Sampaio, N.A. de S., Reis, J.S. da M., Espuny, M., Cardoso, R.P., Gomes, F.M., Pereira, F.M., Ferreira, L.C., Barbosa, M., Santos, G. and Silva, M.B., 2022. Contributions to the future of metaheuristics in the contours of scientific development. Gestão & Produção, [e-journal] 29(1), pp.1-19. DOI: 10.1590/1806-9649-2022v29e099.
Santos, G., Barbosa, J. 2006. Qualifound - A modular tool developed for quality improvement in foundries. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, [e-journal] 17(3), pp.351-362. DOI: 10.1108/17410380610648308.
Silva, H. de O.G. da, Costa, M.C.M., Aguilera, M.V.C., Almeida, M. da G.D. de, Fonseca, B.B. da, Reis, J.S. da M., Barbosa, L.C.F.M., Santos, G. and Sampaio, N.A. de S., 2021. Improved Vehicle Painting Process Using Statistical Process Control Tools in an Automobile Industry. International Journal for Quality Research, [e-journal] 15(4), pp.1251-1268. DOI: 10.24874/IJQR15.04-14.
Silva, S., Sá, J.C., Silva, F.J.G., Ferreira, L.P., Santos, G. 2020. Lean Green—The Importance of Integrating Environment into Lean Philosophy—A Case Study. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, [e-journal] 122, pp.211-219. DOI: 10.12776/QIP.V23I3.1291.
Stoyneva, Z.B., Dermendjiev, S., Dermendjiev, T. and Dobrev, H., 2015. Work-Related Upper Limb Disorders: A Case Report. Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, [e-journal] 3(1), pp.146-150. DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2015.033.
Thun, J.-H., Lehr, C.B. and Bierwirth, M., 2011. Feel free to feel comfortable—An empirical analysis of ergonomics in the German automotive industry. International Journal of Production Economics, [e-journal] 133(2), pp.551-561. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpe.2010.12.017.
Tucker, S., Diekrager, D., Turner, N. and Kelloway, E.K., 2014. Work-related injury underreporting among young workers: Prevalence, gender differences, and explanations for underreporting. Journal of Safety Research, [e-journal] 50, pp.67-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2014.04.001.
Vasconcelos, F.D., 2014. Atuação do Ministério do Trabalho na fiscalização das condições de segurança e saúde dos trabalhadores, Brasil, 1996-2012. Revista Brasileira de Saúde Ocupacional, [e-journal] 39(129), pp.86-100. DOI: 10.1590/0303-7657000072012.
Vieira, C., Góis, J., Laranjeira, P., Pinho, P. and Norton, P., 2022. Underreporting of work accidents associated with blood-borne risk factors. Medicina del Lavoro, [e-journal] 113(3), e2022028. DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v113i3.13257.
Wolniak, R., 2019. Downtime in the Automotive Industry Production Process – Cause Analysis. Quality Innovation Prosperity, [e-journal] 23(2), p.101-118. DOI: 10.12776/qip.v23i2.1259.
Xu, Y., Li, Y., Ding, W. and Lu, F., 2014. Controlled versus Automatic Processes: Which Is Dominant to Safety? The Moderating Effect of Inhibitory Control. PLoS ONE, [e-journal] 9(2), e87881. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0087881.
Zare, M., Croq, M., Hossein-Arabi, F., Brunet, R. and Roquelaure, Y., 2016. Does Ergonomics Improve Product Quality and Reduce Costs? A Review Article. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, [e-journal] 26(2), pp.205-223. DOI: 10.1002/hfm.20623.
Zhu, X., Hu, S.J., Koren, Y. and Marin, S.P., 2008. Modeling of Manufacturing Complexity in Mixed-Model Assembly Lines. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, [e-journal] 130(5), p.051013. DOI: 10.1115/1.2953076.
Authors
Pereira da Silva, A. C. ., Pasini, V. D. ., Cabrera Aguilera, M. V. ., Bastos da Fonseca , B. ., de Souza Sampaio, N. A. . ., da Motta Reis , J. S. ., Santos, G., & Ferreira Motta Barbosa, L. C. . (2023). Mapping the Accidents and Unsafe Conditions of Workers in the Automotive Sector. Quality Innovation Prosperity, 27(2), 139–157. https://doi.org/10.12776/qip.v27i2.1849
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